The Goal of a Lesser Life

From my earliest childhood, I always heard the future spoken of in superlatives: the best, the best possible, etc. There was an unspoken assumption that each human being was uniquely suited to something and that if they found that unique thing and worked at it, they could become the best at something. Some of my early successes revolved around the piano. With a bit of work, I was able to excel beyond my older brother (five years my senior). I kept up with other students of my teacher, though I noticed that I was not always on top. And then, I started Junior High.

There, in my homeroom, was a Jewish kid (the first I had ever met). Sometime during the year, he had the opportunity to play the piano for us. We were thirteen, and this scrawny guy sat down and ripped out a Rachmaninov prelude with ease. I had never seen (for real) anyone play like that. I also knew that I would never play like that. Perhaps he had found his unique thing.

As my world continued towards adulthood, and widened its scope of contacts, I learned repeatedly, that I was not the sharpest knife in the drawer. Though I had a bit of talent at one thing and another, I was pretty much above average, at best. The illusion of “uniquely suited” turned out to be a pep talk, but not the truth of our existence.

We live in the culture of the pep-talk, whether it is directed towards us or not. Watching the next amazing teen on “America’s Got Talent” can be astounding entertainment, but also a reminder that most of us are not like that. Our mediocrity would make bad TV. Excellence is largely a myth and a painful one for many. It is also a distraction from what is truly excellent about everyone and everything.

The modern cult of excellence is largely defined by our consumer economy. Excellence sells. There is always a message that if we found our unique thing it would have a unique place in the market. We would be productive, people would pay for it, like us, and we would be happy. This is largely untrue. Most people discover that no matter their gift or talent, that thing they do, over and over, is work. Sometimes we like our work, and sometimes we don’t. A Picasso can finish a painting and consider it garbage, even discarding it. A Picasso in the trash!

While excellence is great and beauty is a cause for wonder, we do not rightly live as part of a marketing strategy. Within the market, we are almost all reduced to audience, ticket-buyers, shills for the card-sharps. It is not a wise way to live a life.

I have imagined a normal day in a life, filmed in high-definition, carefully edited and produced with a breathless narration by Sir David Attenborough. As amusing as it might sound, the things that make up the content of The Blue Planet and other such creations are as mundane as a normal day in the life of an octopus. However, the film work manages to pay attention in patient wonder at what would normally pass unnoticed.

Our lives are driven by false assumptions in which we become our own greatest disappointments, all the while wondering at the excellence of others. In truth, our lives lack true wonder. We do not attend to the things that are most directly at hand. That which is uniquely proper to each of us is not our marketable skill – it is our very existence! That we do not rightly see our own existence means that we fail to rightly see the existence of others. We become like a movie audience in which all of the real people sit in the dark, unaware of one another, with the digital images dancing on the screen as the center of our short-term world.

Fr. Thomas Hopko, in his famous 55 maxims, mentions several times the need “to be small,” or, words to that effect. I would modify that somewhat by saying, “Learn to be content.” In our drive for excellence or constant improvement, we never learn the skills of being content with anything. I have known people who were very set on a career ladder and had no idea what to do when they reached the top. They learned everything other than how to live.

St. Paul uses the term contentment as a normative goal of the spiritual life:

Now godliness with contentment is great gain. For we brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out. And having food and clothing, with these we shall be content. But those who desire to be rich fall into temptation and a snare, and into many foolish and harmful lusts which drown men in destruction and perdition. For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil, for which some have strayed from the faith in their greediness, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. (1 Tim. 6:5-10)

Contentment (αὐταρκεία) has the meaning “having a sufficiency within yourself.” Elsewhere, St. Paul speaks of his own experience:

…for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content: I know how to be abased, and I know how to abound. Everywhere and in all things I have learned both to be full and to be hungry, both to abound and to suffer need. (Phil. 4:11-12)

Contentment allows us to remain attentive to where we are (and who we are). The drive of our culture always distracts us and focuses our attention to where we are not and to where we want to be. It creates an anxiety and makes our present life a distraction. The present is a marvelous place. It is also the place of the heart.

The heart itself is but a small vessel, yet dragons are there, and there are also lions; there are poisonous beasts and all the treasures of evil. But there too is God, the angels, the life and the kingdom, the light and the apostles, the heavenly cities and the treasuries of grace—all things are there. St. Macarius (H.43.7)

With that, we should be content.

About Fr. Stephen Freeman

Fr. Stephen is a retired Archpriest of the Orthodox Church in America. He is also author of Everywhere Present: Christianity in a One-Storey Universe, and Face to Face: Knowing God Beyond Our Shame, as well as the Glory to God podcast series on Ancient Faith Radio.



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37 responses to “The Goal of a Lesser Life”

  1. Allen Long Avatar
    Allen Long

    Thank you, Fr. Stephen. This is a message I needed for today.

  2. Fr Fred Pfeil Avatar
    Fr Fred Pfeil

    This perfectly describes those who follow anyone who seems to have figured it out – whatever “it” is. We want their success & think we can vicariously be happy or fulfilled by simply following the other. I think of our current political situation. But not just that. All the while we miss the life we are actually living while being distracted. A malaise to be sure.

  3. Reader John Avatar

    The movie you imagine has been made, albeit without David Attenborough narration. It’s by Wim Wenders, and it’s titled “Perfect Days.”

    “Hirayama is content with his life as a toilet cleaner in Tokyo. Outside of his structured routine he cherishes music on cassette tapes, books, and taking photos of trees. Through unexpected encounters, he reflects on finding beauty in the world.”

  4. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Reader John,
    There’s also the spiritual classic, The Practice of the Presence of God. I think that in that book, peeling potatoes was the daily chore (which is more attractive than the movie’s alternative). But in a household, all jobs are available!

    My own life is dailing “becoming lesser” as I age – each daily walk is something of a measure. Some days it is easy, some days it is hard. But every moment is suffused with joy and the presence of God, if only I will give myself over to it.

    Interestingly, the photo that I’ve used with this article came from a beach trip a few years back. I was trying just to take a picture of a pretty sunset, when the bird “photo-bombed” the shot – creating a wonderful, unexpected outcome. Life photo bombs us all the time.

  5. Byron Avatar
    Byron

    I’ve just finished a vacation. Twelve days of not working “a job”. In fact, I completely forgot about my “job” in the world during this time. I took a short, weekend trip and spent the rest of it at home. It was marvelous. I did some things, but felt no great need to do them. They were just the basic things of daily life. It was simple and I was very content, even with occasional boredom. God willing, I pray my retirement (4 years away) will be the same. Just living is underrated.

  6. Paul Hughes Avatar

    Hello Father,

    Wondering if you have anything about ‘contentment’ integrated with ‘satisfaction’ … but maybe more broadly and biggerly, the striving — ‘pressing on … upward call’, or theosis, or maybe the perichoretic kind of constant interchange where we push, ask God, turns out he does it all, gives it back better, and we keep going, and …

    All is grist, all is gift, and finally, all is grace.

    And our part is ‘always content [in the micro, in the moment], never satisfied [in the macro, in the moreover]’ … ?

    Paul

  7. Sally Brower Avatar
    Sally Brower

    So poignant and so true. A message especially in this time in our culture where wealth abounds to no one’s benefit, even those who possess it. Where else do you go when you are the richest man in the world? That is why Orthodoxy offers such a place of contentment – learning humility, steeped in the wonder of worship.

  8. Matthew Avatar
    Matthew

    As a male who for years has struggled with western society and its addiction to vocation, career advancement, success in worldly terms, “being a man”, etc. I am very, very thankful for this article.

    I have never had a career. I have never been successful in worldly terms. I have never advanced in any vocational sense – and at 56 years old I am finally coming around to be OK with all that.

    I have never been interested in the things of this world and I don´t think that makes me any less of a man.

  9. Nina Avatar
    Nina

    Beautiful. Thank you. This could also serve as a marketing piece for Solvej Balle’s series “On the Calculation of Volume.” Learning to pay attention…

  10. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Paul,
    St. Sophrony said, “The way up is the way down.” Our modern minds have been shaped by the myth of progress, making it almost impossible for us to think of striving, etc., without misconstruing it. The Cross is a paradox and is at the heart of all things.

    I believe that perhaps the most difficult form which the Cross takes in our lives is the moment-by-moment giving thanks for all things. When it is practiced diligently, it takes us to the heart of all these things.

  11. Rob Avatar
    Rob

    I can relate, Matthew.

    I’m not competitive or ambitious for much of what this world defines as valuable. And it’s not a virtue or anything, it’s just always been my identity, though sometimes buried under a pile of mess. It’s always been a temptation to want to appear to others as ambitious. I think that’s why Jesus’s word in Matthew 6 on “the hidden life”, only to be seen by God, has always meant so much to me. God is He who sees and it doesn’t matter if I’m seen accurately by anybody else. It’s just a bonus when it happens, but it’s becoming more of a rarity. There’s the freedom of having nothing left to prove, only someone to be.

    Godliness with contentment is the true treasure, indeed. Amen to all of it.

  12. Ann Dibble Avatar
    Ann Dibble

    Of course I knew the quote from St. Paul, and it happens that I memorized that quote from St. Macarius a few years ago, but–I never put them together!
    I most certainly can be content with that!

  13. Drewster2000 Avatar
    Drewster2000

    Fr. Stephen,

    Your article touches on a very valid and essential “misguidedness” of modern culture. If I may, I would sum it up by saying that we all care about that one unique golden ticket involving what we DO, whereas God has always been much more interested in who we ARE and are becoming.

    I think that’s why in truth there is no good guidance to the perfect occupation. Because if one can “become” through cleaning toilets or peeling potatoes, this quickly throws any human formulas out the window. There is guidance available, but a person has to be listening to His still, small voice instead of the roar of the cultural river we’re all swimming in. Very tricky indeed.

    I do believe that’s often where the value of things like pan & suffering, dryness & the desert come to our aid – if we let them. They’re not attractive but they do get our attention and cause us to listen.

    Thanks again for your wisdom and immersive examples.

  14. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    …and therewith to be content.

  15. Holly Avatar
    Holly

    Father,

    Thank you for this article. I was watching a video from a conference the other day that was talking about the transformative power of literature. One of the panelists was talking about the power of a sense of dis-ease and dissatisfaction in pushing us to be better and seek higher things. At the time, it resonated with me but after reading your article I can see how it is not a contended way to be. But then again, is there some balance to be found here? How can we be content while also capturing that vital spark of inspiration and encouragement, or should we instead focus solely on being content and let our transformation be from God? I think art is a good tool for helping us see the world in fresh ways but maybe that can still be in a contended way.

    Warmly,
    Holly

  16. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Holly,
    It’s quite often the case that there is moderation involved in how we live our lives. You’ll tend to see things in my writing that push back on proposals and such about improvement and such. Often, the measuring stick for such things is either culture-driven (“success” and such) or shame-driven (our inability to bear shame becomes a driver towards improvement). Shame-driven life choices are rarely what we need. But I’m sure there are exceptions. It’s not a sin to get better at doing something.

  17. Holly Avatar
    Holly

    Thanks for your reply Fr. Stephen,

    That makes a lot of sense. Thank you. I suspect for myself a lot of the pressure to improve is from
    perfectionism that refuses to bear shame. I’m trying to learn to find the joy in creating and have fun with it and not worry about being bad or good. I want to write. I really admire the great writers and can’t pretend I don’t want to be like them. I guess it’s like you say, it’s all about moderation. I need to somehow balance writing for the joy of it while acknowledging and accepting that I also want to improve and create something beautiful. All the while, I don’t want to ever be distracted from God. I would hope instead I am giving glory to God in my pursuits.

  18. John Poling Avatar
    John Poling

    Beautiful and wise. Thank you.

  19. Matthew Avatar
    Matthew

    Thanks so much Rob.

  20. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Holly,
    The lives of the great writers are often all over the map. Few writers have been as impactful in my life as Dostoevsky, for example, but I wouldn’t trade places with him at all! Writing, I think, is a bit like art-work. I used to think that artists are just born – that’s how it seemed to me – that some people could just draw things. My youngest daughter is an artist, and I can see how hard she worked – practiced! – over the years. Though there is a giftedness in art (also in writing), there is also work (and improvement).

    But I think we have to love the thing (writing, art, etc.) rather than ourselves as artist or writer. And then write (or draw). And read good work. Above all, I think, it’s good to feed the soul (with beauty). God give us grace.

  21. Byron Avatar
    Byron

    I want to follow up on Father’s observations concerning art. I graduated (way long time ago) with an art degree but rarely used it after graduation. I have realized after-the-fact that the work and practice of becoming and artist literally changed how my mind and body worked. The hand-eye coordination and vision to see something and then transcribe it to paper (or canvas) required my mind to think differently, my eyes to see differently, and my hands to react differently than others. I can no longer do the things I had trained myself to do then; I’ve lost the ability to think, to see, and to do it.

    To my mind, this is part of contentment: creating art was never really “work” for me, although I worked very hard at it. It was more a part of expression and, at times, growth. It was not artistically competitive; I was very content and happy when I drew and created. One might say that my soul was at rest within that effort. It was good work and a good place to simply live.

    I think the “giftedness” Father mentioned is not so much a talent as it is a way to be whole, and yet grow, at the same time. It’s really a very human endeavor. I expect the practice of music and writing (and the Arts, in general) can be much the same. Hopefully that makes some kind of sense.

  22. Dee of Sts Herman and Olga Avatar
    Dee of Sts Herman and Olga

    Byron,
    Your experience of art sounds beautiful. Perhaps if you’re nearing retirement, you might pick it up again.

    I’ve been a novice ‘plucker’ of a harp. It is well-constructed and sounds beautiful despite my clumsy efforts. Sometimes, when I play, it feels like a prayer.

  23. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Dee,
    As some who plays guitar (sometimes), I look at a harp and am staggered by the tuning that might be involved! Is that a major issue, or are harp strings more stable than guitar strings?

    Apart from that (and back to the more germane issues of the conversation), I believe that music and art both belong to that part of our brain/soul that are involved in noetic perception. Plato wrote that music was necessary in the education of children for the sake of their souls. It is such a refreshing statement – a reminder that there was a time when the “education” of the soul was a thing. I certainly believe it continues to be important, even for folks of elder years, such as myself.

  24. Dee of Sts Herman and Olga Avatar
    Dee of Sts Herman and Olga

    Father,
    It’s a double-strung harp and double trouble to tune! If I don’t play for a while, it has to be retuned. And if I play a lot, it also needs to be retuned. It may eventually settle as it gets older. But in my neck of the woods, we have large swings of humidity across seasons, and it has a lot of semi-unvarnished wood that soaks up humidity and dries out relatively fast. I try to keep the room evenly humidified, but that’s also a factor in the need to retune it. Nevertheless, I love playing it. Food and balm for the soul.

  25. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Dee,
    It’s an instrument with a holy pedigree!

  26. Dee of Sts Herman and Olga Avatar
    Dee of Sts Herman and Olga

    Father, your comment made me giggle and smile. Indeed!

  27. Edmund Avatar
    Edmund

    Fr Stephen, how does pride fit into this? I’ve not usually thought of myself as having the passion of pride but this article suggested the idea to me that perhaps pride is at the base of the passion of envy (which I certainly have) and the discontent I often feel. Would you say that these societal notions can feed pride which feeds envy towards others, which then feeds into a lack of contentment and gratitude for what I have?

  28. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Edmund,
    I think that the passion of pride is rooted in shame (especially toxic shame). Shame is called the “unbearable emotion” – so that it is frequently morphed into something that allows us to “bear” it – but this often creates something of a false personality in us. It keeps us from being content with ourselves. Envy is a very dark form of shame. I have written in some depth about these in my book, Face-to-Face: Knowing God Beyond Our Shame.

    Pride, in many ways, is itself a discomfort or discontentment with who we are – and becomes a sort of “false self,” a defensive posture. There is a healthy shame, just as there is a toxic shame. Healthy shame, though painful, is appropriate and can be bearable, especially with some supportive help. It is at the heart of humility.

    It’s a slow spiritual work, in which good spiritual direction can be helpful. In my experience, it is deeply neglected and misunderstood quite often. You might find my book helpful. It seems to me that you have some intuition about all of this – having identified envy, for example.

    God give you grace.

  29. Andrew (Silouan) Avatar
    Andrew (Silouan)

    As that giant among men said,

    “It is no bad thing to celebrate a simple life” (Tolkien)

  30. Matthew Avatar
    Matthew

    Andrew (Silouan) posted:

    “It is no bad thing to celebrate a simple life” (Tolkien)

    I absolutely love this. I shared with a friend my desire to move to southern Italy (where my mother´s family comes from), sit near the sea, drink coffee and speak with the locals. He kind of poo-pooed this idea by saying that the locals (specifically the older men who sit around at the cafes drinking coffee for hours on end) are doing nothing valuable with their time. I couldn´t disagree more.

  31. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Matthew,
    “Nothing valuable”… This is an expression of money as the ontology of modernity – by “doing nothing valuable” is meant that they are not making money for anyone else, and that their existence is not of any inherent value. If only they would become wage-slaves in somebody’s factory, making useless stuff for the shelves of Walmart!

    This is such a perversion.

  32. Matthew Avatar
    Matthew

    Thank you Fr. Stephen.

    There is not a ruler long enough to measure the length of my agreement with your assessment.

    Peace

  33. Lynne Avatar
    Lynne

    Doing nothing valuable–I’ve known several marriages where one partner is a “no work” partner.

    There are many tasks that fall into “Household management” that need to be done. These are not “income-generating.” But the household suffers if someone does not pay the take care of paying the bills, preparing the meals, tending to the clothes and cleanliness of the family’s home, and being a companion when those tasks are being done. And providing guidance to children, if they are in the home.

    These are not making money per se–they are providing for the welfare of the family. If they don’t do them, then the family suffers.

  34. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Lynne,
    Work is necessary, no doubt. The best work is not for money – but for love. But I don’t want to make absolutes in these thoughts.

  35. Matthew Avatar
    Matthew

    Fr. Stephen said:

    “The best work is not for money – but for love.”

    There are different kinds of work – household, job, even the work required to keep a marriage or other relationships functional and healthy. My initial comment was not meant to disparage these forms of work, but rather to emphasize that work must take its proper place within the realm of creation.

    I know a Catholic monk who lives on probably around 200 euros per month and doesn´t do work in the traditional vocational sense – but rather lives a life of contemplation and prayer and serving those whom he meets in ways that he is able I suppose. I don´t think his way of life is better than someone´s life which is filled with work in the traditional vocational sense. I just think his life challenges the modern notion of what vocation and work is supposed to be and look like.

  36. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Matthew,
    Work is not inherently bad, by any means (though it seems to be something of a curse in Genesis). I think the difficulty and problem comes as work/money have usurped the position of “being.” We find work to be necessary to justify our existence. It was never supposed to hold that position. This, it seems, has been a corrolary of modernity – in which money has become our ontology. I think that some of this came about in the culture-stew of the Reformation and the matrix of the “Protestant work ethic.”

    For many, monastics must justify their existence by doing something – some kind of beneficial work on behalf of others. The notion of the contemplative life (which requires leisure) seems unjustifiable and selfish in the modern world. Little wonder that prayer is so confusing for us.

  37. Matthew Avatar
    Matthew

    Thanks so much Fr. Stephen.

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