The Sword that Pierces the Soul

 

Mary, the Theotokos, was described by St. Irenaeus in the 2nd century, as the “New Eve.” Like Eve, she is the “mother of us all,” if we have the eyes to see her properly. She is a quiet figure in the New Testament – not a preacher or worker of miracles. We see the story of her humility and openness to God as she embraces His condescension: “Be it unto me according to Your word.” We see her maternal concern when the 12-year old Jesus is missing during their return journey from Jerusalem. There is, also, a very frightful prophecy from the Elder Simeon when she presented the infant Jesus in the Temple:

“Behold, this Child is destined for the fall and rising of many in Israel, and for a sign which will be spoken against (yes, a sword will pierce through your own soul also), that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.”(Lk. 2:34-35)

There is no description given at the time for the terrible things that will constitute the “fall and rising of many,” nor the tormenting content of the sword that will pierce her soul. Understanding the crucifixion was a revelation for a later time.

The Church has gone on to say much more about the Theotokos as it has pondered her in its heart. She is described as “without sin.” In Orthodox thought, this is not a reference to original sin (a Western concept), but a confession that, by grace, she maintained the integrity of her will, never turning away from God. She was/is fully human, and nothing more, a wondrous example of the grace of God.

All of the wonder that we associate with her (“more honorable than the cherubim and more glorious beyond compare than the seraphim”) does not exempt her from the soul-piercing sword. As she stood steadfast at the foot of the Cross, beholding the death agonies of her Son (and God), the mystical wounding of her soul continued the union with Him which she had known since the moment of His incarnation. It was a life of theosis.

Believers should stand quietly by her side as the sword is embraced and consider its meaning for us all. To be united with Christ does not exempt us from suffering. Indeed, we are told that to be His disciple is to “take up your cross.” We cannot follow the Crucified and not be ourselves crucified. The sword will pierce our souls as well.

We live in a culture that abhors suffering. Suffering is seen as failure and worse. The remedy of suffering is the great mantra of modernity, even as it uses it to mask its covert drive for wealth (“all they want is your money”). The mystery of our salvation is not the story of suffering’s elimination. What happened on the Cross was not the end of suffering – it was the revelation of suffering in its true purpose and meaning.

We have the promise:

“…God will wipe away every tear from their eyes; there shall be no more death, nor sorrow, nor crying. There shall be no more pain, for the former things have passed away.”(Rev. 21:4)

This, however, is not a promise fulfilled in our lifetime. It stands at the end of all things. The Cross is more than a means to that end. There is within it an eternal revelation of the End as well.

“…I lay down My life that I may take it again. No one takes it from Me, but I lay it down of Myself. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it again.” (Jn 10:17-18)

The Cross is not so much something we did to Jesus as it is something He did for us. It is voluntary. It is revelatory. The Cross makes known to us the love of God and something of its very nature. It is a love that “lays down its life for its friends.”

It is this same love that is made manifest in the sword that pierces the soul of the Mother of God. It is, if we can receive it, the same love that pierces our own souls day by day as we move through the world acquiring the true existence given to us in the image of God.

Receiving the wound of that sword, Mary can say with Paul, “I am crucified with Christ, nevertheless, I live; yet, not I, but Christ lives within me.” As a mother, the sword had long been nested in her soul. Pregnancy and childbirth, mothering and giving Him up, are swords that every mother knows to some extent. It is the original suffering of our race, a primordial foreshadowing of the love of God.

The Theotokos is an exemplar to us of theosis – of the likeness of God made manifest in our flesh. This week, the Church celebrates its fulfillment as we mark the falling asleep of the Theotokos, the Feast of the Dormition. Like Christ on the Cross, she dies. We also believe that after her death, her Son received her, body and soul, into heaven. “The Queen stood on Thy right hand, arrayed in golden robes, all glorious” (Psalm 45:9).

May God in His mercy hear our prayer as we unite ourselves to Him, offering the wounds of our love in union with His.

About Fr. Stephen Freeman

Fr. Stephen is a retired Archpriest of the Orthodox Church in America. He is also author of Everywhere Present: Christianity in a One-Storey Universe, and Face to Face: Knowing God Beyond Our Shame, as well as the Glory to God podcast series on Ancient Faith Radio.



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32 responses to “The Sword that Pierces the Soul”

  1. Fr. Ron Hatton Avatar
    Fr. Ron Hatton

    Thank you, Father. I am going to re-read all this a number of times. Glory to God for His compassion, and our Mother for her protection and intercession.

  2. Dee of St Herman Avatar
    Dee of St Herman

    Father thank you for these words. May we accept and embrace the sword that pierces our hearts and glorify the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. +

  3. Glennis Avatar
    Glennis

    Thank you Fr. Stephen. I had not been able to think of suffering in this way before. It is like a door opening, just a chink, but I can see in.

  4. Andrew Avatar
    Andrew

    Thank you for this contribution to my own continuing growth in understanding the Theotokos and her role in our Faith. It’s been a long road, but day by day I trust I’m drawing closer to rightly honoring and loving her as truly the Mother of God. I’ve been in the Church for a little over a decade now, and while I’ve long since abandoned my objections and resistance, my interactions with her can still so often feel…merely formal? Shallow? Lacking?

  5. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Glennis,
    St. Maximos the Confessor said, “He who understands the mystery of the Cross understands all things.” It is, I think, the most difficult thing of all (I’m most just standing before the Cross praying – waiting).

  6. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Andrew,
    I’m married to a woman whose daughters describe as a “Ninja Prayer Warrior.” She certainly prays. And, she knows the Theotokos. I have learned more about the Theotokos by living with this woman than from anything I’ve read or thought. Evagrius said, “He who prays is a theologian and a theologian is one who prays.” When something in our lives comes up, I start to think. She starts to pray. When my thoughts fail me, as they often do, I ask her to pray for me. She does. And so, I’m still alive.

  7. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Father, thank you for the beautiful poem about your wife. God has blessed you both abundantly.

  8. Sinnika Avatar
    Sinnika

    Thank you Fr. Stephen,
    Our Mother, is like you say “A quiet figure in the New Testament”.

    But when she speaks: “Be it done to me according to Thy Word” the whole of Creation listen and is effected!
    Because at that moment God humbles Himself and becomes a human being.

    I find it inconceivable that Mary, the Mother of God, would not have been taught through Scripture of the coming of Christ since her childhood when she lived in the Temple, and therefore, when the Archangel Gabriel appeared to her she would already know what was expected of her and willingly obeyed. In some Icons she is seen reading when the Angel comes.

    To think that this event was something happening out of the blue – is to not recognising God as a gentle, loving and caring Father. He chose her to be the Sacred Vessel for The Son, an honour one can’t even imagine and a terrifying suffering as well.

    I have learnt so much about the Christian Faith through Orthodox websites – like yours. Although, I have never been to an Orthodox Liturgy I do recognise that you hold the fullness of the Faith. I particularly like how you define everything, like St John the Forerunner rather than the Baptist, because he went before Christ in everything from his conception to his beheading and death. I am struck by the fact that St John’s HEAD was served on a plate – foreshadowing Jesus as the HEAD of the Church. The end of The Old and The Beginning of The New?

    St John the Evangelist, also known by the Orthodox as St John the Theologian – when Christ gave St John His Mother at the Cross, to live with him, she would be able to tell him everything about the Birth, Life and Death of Her Son, perhaps She is the greatest Theologian ever?
    Another thing I learnt from Orthodoxy is that St John the Theologian described himself as the “Beloved” of Christ, not because he thought he was more loved but to make it clear who he was talking about.

    I am sorry if I ramble on, hopefully it will make some kind of sense.

    God bless you and your family

  9. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Sinnika,
    No doubt the Mother of God was taught the Scriptures. However, the gospels would indicate that many aspects of its references to the Messiah were either not understood or misunderstood. I feel certain that whatever she knew, she pondered in her heart.

  10. Drewster2000 Avatar
    Drewster2000

    Fr. Stephen,

    “She was/is fully human, and nothing more, a wondrous example of the grace of God.”

    I appreciate that you emphasized this. One thing Orthodoxy taught me is that a big part of her importance to all of us was the human connection. Because she said yes to God in such extreme circumstances, then we can.

    Yes, Christ became flesh and blazed a path as a human being, but He was also God. She was not. She was/is just like us. This understanding is often lost on the Western world. Either she is not honored at all, or she is turned into some sort of demi-god.

    But the truth is that, whatever advantages she was given through birth or temple life, we can all say yes to God with our whole lives like she did. She did not have an unfair advantage in some supernatural way.

    Thanks again for bringing this up.

  11. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Father, am I right that the sword that pieces her heart is a foreshadowing of The Cross and as we pray our hearts too are pierced and by His Mercy, all is transformed and transfigured in us as well as long as we do not deny our suffering?

  12. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    …and the cause of my suffering; sin

  13. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Michael,
    I would say that the sword that pierces the soul of the Theotokos is the Cross itself – or, particularly, the suffering of her Son on the Cross. Mystically, we can say that all suffering participates in the Cross of Christ (Christ’s suffering) because He has united Himself to our suffering. Thus, when Christ speaks of the hungry, the sick, the thirsty, the prisoner, etc. (Matt. 25), He identifies Himself utterly with them. (“The least of these my brethren”…”You did it unto Me.”).

    This is irrespective of whether we (or others, or anyone) makes any effort on our part – it is simply something that is true. Our response to this in faith is our willingness to enter into it and “know” it by participation.

    We do not have to manufacture suffering – there’s already plenty enough in the world and in our lives.

    I also wanted to point out in my article the Church’s teaching regarding the Theotokos, that she is without sin. Thus the cause of her suffering (the Sword) is not her sin. Even the innocent suffer (happens all the time).

  14. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Father, thank you for the clarification on the sinlessness of the Theotokos and the suffering on innocent’s (like the babies slaughtered by Herod) and the rest of us subject to the world.

    Still, if I embrace that suffering deep within my heart and the Cross too, healing can occur. Am I on the right track???

  15. Dee of St Herman Avatar
    Dee of St Herman

    Michael,
    I may be reading too much into your words, but your last comment almost sounds like a form of self-flagellation to self-resolve grief. I also worry about myself sometimes doing the same. Healing is the Lord’s work. Even our bodies show that healing occurs without our willingness. We are also aware that our mental well-being can help to accelerate our bodies’ healing. That ‘mental’ aspect is, for me, inclusive of the spiritual and of the heart.

    Lord’s work (His Grace) is enough to heal our souls. It’s enough, I believe, to be aware of our wounds and ask for God’s help, the Comforter, and the Holy Spirit to abide in us and in our wounds.

    Last, I have learned that my wounds have been moments of spiritual learning. And, glory to God, I have become grateful to God for them—not subversively to avoid the hurt or scar or to diminish their pain, but usually long after the fact when I’ve had time for reflection and perspective.

    Again, I go back to the saying on the St Olga icon, “God can create great beauty out of complete desolation”.

  16. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Good response to Michael

  17. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Michael,
    As we grow older, there is suffering (sickness, etc.) that will not heal (the cure for “old age” is death). That kind of suffering (as an example) is something that we can “lean into” – we embrace it – not for its own sake – but that we might know Christ within it. (Phil. 3:10) The “healing” in many cases, is a healing of the soul, even if the sickness remains.

  18. Dee of St Herman Avatar
    Dee of St Herman

    Father,
    Indeed, speaking as an old gal, there is suffering in our bodies as we age. Leaning into it that we might know Christ within it is a good saying for me too.

  19. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Dee, I appreciate your response. My first reaction is that I expressed my self poorly. I was reading a brief excerpt from Elder Amilianos last night that emphasized offering up the suffering of one’s heart at the foot of the Cross without trying to run away and in the process, His Light will grow more brightly within you.

    It resonated with me as descriptive of what I have been blessed with over the last three years including some significant chronic medical conditions.
    As a result of that, some prayer work and Confession, I hope His Joy is building in me in a solid, non-emotional way, and His laughter bubbling up from deep in my heart.

  20. Sinnika Avatar
    Sinnika

    Michael,
    Thank you for reminding me that I should offer up the suffering of my heart at the foot of the Cross.
    I started doing this some time ago after reading about how God can heal wounds. I understood that I was trying to run away from something uncomfortable inside me by distracting myself with watching TV, doing crosswords, or watching music on YouTube, and I am talking about hours here.

    It was hard to sit in front of Christ and thinking that I was in His Presence and that He wanted to spend time with me and that God the Father loves me.
    Initially, I had some surprising results. One morning when I felt extremely anxious, I remembered to follow the advice and rushed to the place where I can sit with Him. As soon as I sat down the floodgates opened and with tears and pain I cried to Him: “Take me home! I want to go home!” I was taken by surprise over my outpouring, and thought to myself “Where is home?”

    Soon after this, I forgot to sit with Him in silence and now I am back watching TV – for some reason I find ‘Murder She Wrote’ very comforting!

    I guess, if it is difficult to do, it must be doing good for me. So no TV for me today.

  21. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Sinnika,

    Thank Jesus and Elder Amilianos, not me. May our Lord continue to create a new heart within you.

  22. Kenneth Avatar
    Kenneth

    The Gospel readings for the Dormition of the Theotokos liturgy yesterday were from Luke 10 and 11 regarding the episode of Mary & Martha, and the short exchange between the woman who said “Blessed are the breasts which you have sucked” and Jesus replies “Blessed are those who hear the word of God and do it.”
    As usual, these readings were quite interesting and raised several questions.
    First, are these readings in particular associated with the Dormition every year, or did they just coincide with this liturgy this year?
    Is Mary the sister of Martha often associated with the Theotokos (possibly as a type or example — not sure the right word here) and is their sharing the same name considered significant? (Ie, I was expecting a reading specifically about the Theotokos and instead it was about a different Mary.)
    Regarding the 2nd passage, my priest explained that “Blessed are those who hear the word of God and do it” did not contradict the woman’s words but particularly was referring to the obedience/faithfulness of the Theotokos. This was a beautiful interpretation and an example of why I love to learn scripture through the Orthodox liturgy.

  23. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Kenneth,
    Those readings are used at many feasts of the Theotokos. They are an interesting selection. The Church hears in those readings that the Theotokos is “she who has chosen that good part” and she is the “one who does the will of God.”

    It is interesting that the Scriptures chosen are focused on the character of the Theotokos rather than the specifics of her maternity. She has indeed “chosen that good part” and always did the will of God.

  24. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Drewster,
    It is important, in one respect, to emphasize the full and simple humanity of the Theotokos. However, we should not ignore the actual meaning and import of the word “theosis.” C.S.Lewis once said that should we meet a saint in heaven face-to-face, our instinct would be to fall down and worship. The Church’s love and devotion to the Theotokos is not just to a historical figure, but to her who is even now with Christ in heaven – (in whatever manner-beyond-words that such an existence means). We do not worship her – but we recognize that she is “more honorable than the cherubim and more glorious beyond compare than the seraphim.” But, in truth, all of the saints have something of that exalted character about them – someday it will be shouted from the rooftops! She is just like us (though did not sin). But someday, we shall be just like her…and that’s the greater point. God became man so that man might become god.

  25. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    All I can say is that she was there in her fullness today during the Divine Liturgy. Wonderful—and I think she still is a couple hours later…God is good.

  26. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Father, 2 Corinthians 3:18 comes to mind: “But we all, with unveiled face, beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord are being transformed into the same image, from glory to glory just as by the Spirit of the Lord” (NKJV)

    Whenever I really look at an icon of the Theotokos, I begin to get a sense of that and that began the first time in an Orthodox Church. “More Spacious Than the Heavens”

    The wonder of an Orthodox Divine Liturgy is astounding. I have never been quite sure how you priests bear it. However, I am glad you do!

  27. Drewster2000 Avatar
    Drewster2000

    Fr. Stephen,

    I have always heard Christ proclaimed as never having sinned, but have not heard Mary spoken of this way among the Orthodox. Is this in fact the truth? Is she not like us in that she sinned, made mistakes, etc.?

  28. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Drewster,
    Yes, she is like us – able to sin. However, the dogmatic tradition of the Church, as held in the early Fathers and affirmed in our liturgical services is that she was “full of grace” – that she maintained the integrity of her soul before God, not breaking communion with Him at any point.

    It’s interesting to me that the East says this without much angst. The West says such things and trembles (or doesn’t say them at all). I have a sense that in our Western heritage we think of sinning and making mistakes as an essential element of our humanity – while it is not.

    It is worth noting that you can find occasional sources that attribute such “not sinning” to St. John the Baptist as well.

    I think that our Augustinian inheritance in the West is freaked out by such thoughts – but it’s just not that shocking in the East. The doctrine of sinlessness is not tied up with her maternity, or seen as some sort of ontological necessity. It’s simply treated as a matter of fact. I think that it becomes more of a doctrinal necessity in Catholic thought – but I’m not an expert on that.

    In Orthodox liturgical texts, she is frequently described as “immaculate” but this is not a reference to the Immaculate Conception (which is not an Orthodox doctrine). Rather, it refers to her sinlessness.

    So – I guess we learn something new from time to time.

    If you went through a day and made no mistakes – would you somehow cease to be truly yourself? I think that sin is not “part of us.” It is not “who we are.” It’s a parasite.

  29. Drewster2000 Avatar
    Drewster2000

    Interesting thoughts. I’m not sure I understand how a person can be “just like us”, able to sin but somehow not sinning. But I’ll chalk that up to my Western upbringing and just accept it for now. Thank you for the additional explanation.

  30. Fr. Stephen Avatar

    Drewster,
    Think of Adam and Eve. They were clearly “capable of sin,” though they were not bound to sin necessarily. They were free. It helps if, in Eastern terms, you think about it in terms of death. Sin=death. The Theotokos was mortal. She died. Nevertheless, she maintained the integrity of her freedom, always choosing communion with God. Neither you nor I (nor anyone else) “must” sin. We do sin, but not because we “must.”

    God warns Adam and Eve that if they eat – they will “die the death.” But that is not saying that you’ll suddenly have a “sin nature” (that’s Western language). Rather, they become subject to death. It is our response to “death at work in us” that constitutes “sin.” We turn from God and embrace death. We hear this in Hebrews 2:

    He Himself likewise shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death, that is, the devil, 15 and release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.

    This, I think, is part of the confusion in our thinking that is part of our Western (Augustinian/Calvinist) inheritance. I would be curious, since I don’t know, to hear how Acquinas thought about this. He’s Western, but he’s not Calvin-Western (which is an extreme reading of Augustine).

    But, Orthodoxy certainly approaches all of this quite differently.

  31. Michael Bauman Avatar
    Michael Bauman

    Father, is there an element of abstinence that Adam and Eve missed (not just sexual) that Mary did not.
    The temptations seem to say “try it, you’ll like it. If you don’t — no damage”.

    Mary always seems to not fall for that kind of thing,

  32. Nikolaos Avatar
    Nikolaos

    Drewster

    Among the many doctrinal differences between Orthodox and Roman Catholics is the understanding of Theotokos in respect of her sinlessness.

    The dogma of immaculate conception was introduced by Pope Pius IX in 1854. This teaches that Theotokos was free from original sin, despite having been conceived from the union of two parents like all mankind.

    The Orthodox believe only Christ was borne sinless, as He was conceived from the Theotokos and the Holy Spirit without seed. I think even Thomas Aquinas rejected the immaculate conception, a belief that was introduced in the 12th century.

    Why is this important ? The nature of Theotokos is no different from the common nature of mankind and this nature was taken by Christ and divinised, enabling our salvation. If Theotokos’ nature were different from the rest of us, then how are we saved, if a nature different from ours were divinised ?

    Prophet and King David confirms on behalf of all of us in psalm 50,5 : “For behold, I was conceived in iniquities, and in sins did my mother bear me”.

    Theotokos was cleansed from all sin during the Annunciation when the Holy Spirit descended upon her. Even up to that moment (age 15) she was in constant communion with God, a model hesychast per St Gregory Palamas.

    She suffered death like everyone who inherits original sin and her soul went to Christ per the Dormition icon depiction. The Lord did not allow her soulless body to be subject to corruption and He united her body to her soul in the heavens, so we call this “metastasis” as opposed to “anastasis” (resurrection) which takes place when the soul returns to the body in the grave.

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